Ranolazine: Multifaceted role beyond coronary artery disease, a recent perspective

Gopal Chandra Ghosh; Raktim Kumar Ghosh; Dhrubajyoti Bandyopadhyay; Krishnarpan Chatterjee; Ashish Aneja

doi:10.4103/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_18_18

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Year : 2018 | Volume : 19 | Issue : 3 | Page : 88-98

Ranolazine: Multifaceted role beyond coronary artery disease, a recent perspective

Gopal Chandra Ghosh¹, Raktim Kumar Ghosh², Dhrubajyoti Bandyopadhyay³, Krishnarpan Chatterjee⁴, Ashish Aneja²
¹ Department of Cardiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
² MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai St. Luke's, New York, USA
⁴ Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Gopal Chandra Ghosh
Christian Medical College and Hospital, Room No. 310, Hospital Annexe, Hospital Campus, Vellore - 632 004, Tamil Nadu
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_18_18

Ranolazine is a piperazine derivative approved as an antianginal. Primarily used as a second-line antianginal in stable coronary artery disease. Ranolazine blocks the late Na + current and prevents the rise of cytosolic calcium. It decreases myocardial wall tension and improves coronary blood flow. Ranolazine is effective in atrial fibrillation (AF) as an adjunct to electrical or pharmacological cardioversion. It can be used in combination with amiodarone or dronedarone. It has also been used in AF arising after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Role of ranolazine is also being evaluated in pulmonary arterial hypertension, diastolic dysfunction, and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Ranolazine has some anti-glycemic effect and has shown a reduction of hemoglobin A1c in multiple trials. The antianginal effect of ranolazine has also been seen to be more in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. Ranolazine is being evaluated in patients with the peripheral arterial disease with intermittent claudication and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pilot studies have shown that ranolazine may be beneficial in neurological conditions with myotonia. The evidence-base on the use of ranolazine in various conditions is rapidly increasing with results of further trials eagerly awaited. Accumulating evidence may see ranolazine in routine clinical use for many conditions beyond its traditional role as an antianginal.

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